Calcium carbide

Calcium carbide, with the chemical formula CaC₂, is an inorganic compound composed of calcium and carbon. It appears as a grayish-black solid (crystalline or lumpy) and is widely recognized for its role in industrial chemistry. Packing:50kg/drum;100kg/drum (grey or black drum) Size:15-25mm;50-80mm;80-120mm etc

Structure & Properties  

- Molecular Structure: Ionic crystal lattice where calcium ions (Ca²⁺) are bonded to acetylide ions (C₂²⁻).  

- Reactivity: Reacts vigorously with water to produce acetylene gas (C₂H₂) and calcium hydroxide:  

  CaC₂ + 2H₂O → C₂H₂ + Ca(OH)₂.  

-Physical State: Solid at room temperature, with a melting point of ~2,160°C.  

Production  

Calcium carbide is synthesized industrially by heating a mixture of lime (CaO) and coke (carbon) in an electric arc furnace at temperatures exceeding 2,000°C:  

CaO + 3C → CaC₂ + CO.  

Key Applications  

1. Acetylene Production: Primary use for generating acetylene gas, a critical fuel in welding and cutting torches.  

2. Chemical Synthesis: Serves as a raw material in manufacturing plastics (e.g., PVC), solvents, and synthetic resins.  

3. Steelmaking: Acts as a desulfurizing agent to remove impurities from molten iron.  

4. Historical Use: Early 20th-century carbide lamps utilized CaC₂-water reactions for portable lighting.  

Safety & Handling  

- Hazards: Moisture-sensitive; contact with water releases flammable acetylene, posing explosion risks.  

- Health Risks: Dust or fragments can cause skin/eye irritation due to alkaline byproducts.  

- Storage: Must be kept in airtight, moisture-proof containers.  

Environmental Impact  

Improper disposal may lead to soil and water alkalization from residual calcium hydroxide. Modern industries prioritize controlled waste management.  

Conclusion  

Calcium carbide remains a cornerstone of industrial chemistry, bridging sectors from metallurgy to organic synthesis. Its utility underscores the importance of safe handling practices and sustainable applications.  

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This concise overview balances technical details with accessibility, suitable for academic, industrial, or general inquiries. Let me know if you need deeper exploration of specific aspects!